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 Glass Glazing

    Laminated Glazing Color

    and Technical Charts

     Insulated Flat Glazing Color  

     and Technical Charts

     Insulated Bent Glazing Color

     and Technical Charts

 Polycarbonate Glazing

Glass Glazing

   What is Laminated Glass?                                             

   Laminated glass consists of a tough protective interlayer made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) bonded together between two panes of glass under

 heat and pressure. Once sealed together, the glass "sandwich" behaves as a single unit and looks like normal glass. Annealed, heat strengthened

 or tempered glass can be used to produce laminated glass. Similar to the glass in car windshields, laminated glass may crack upon impact, but the

 glass fragments tend to adhere to the protective interlayer rather than falling free and potentially causing injury.

   Laminated glass is the only glass to provide durability, high-performance and multi-functional benefits while at the same time preserving the

 aesthetic  appearance of the glass. Laminated glass furnishes solutions to many architectural design problems and offers increased protection from

 the effects of disasters such as hurricane, earthquake and bomb blast. Benefits of laminated glass include:

   Safety
   Safety is just the start In every glazing design, minimizing the risk of injury from accidental glass impact, breakage and/or fallout is everything!

 Ordinary glass windows are fragile and when broken can cause serious injuries - sometimes even fatal. When laminated glass made with Saflex

 protective interlayer is used in a glazing design, the risk of injury as a result of broken glass is considerably reduced. On impact, the glass itself

 may crack, but the fragments tend to adhere to the Saflex plastic interlayer. By keeping the glass in its place, the Saflex protective interlayer

 provides added protection from dangerous flying or falling glass fragments.

   Laminated architectural glass is commonly used for its safety applications in residential and commercial applications and meets the tests for the

 following industry standards:

   Vertical Safety Glazing Application  the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and the architectural glazing safety sections of the major

 model building codes (Basic National Building Code; Standard Building Code; Uniform Building Code) all set uniform requirements for the

 performance of glazing materials used in applications which present a potential hazard to the public. These applications include entrance doors,

 storm doors, patio-type sliding doors, shower and bath enclosures, sidelights and fixed glazed panels. Performance requirements are determined

 by the application and the size of the glazing area. Laminated glass with Saflex meets all of these established building codes.

   Sloped and Overhead Glazing Applications  the use of glass in sloped and overhead glazing presents a design and safety challenge. If the glass

 should break for any reason, the glazing system specified needs to be able to provide protection from glass fallout. With adhesion of the glass to

 the plastic interlayer and its ability to remain integral if broken, laminated glass with Saflex has passed the requirements set of all the major model

 building codes in the United States and the Glazing Industry Code Committee for sloped and overhead glazing.

   Security

   Burglars, bombs and bullets no match for Saflex laminated glass The astonishing strength of laminated glass is perhaps most dramatically

 illustrated in safety and security applications. Glazing systems using Saflex laminated glass can improve the design of facilities to reduce physical

 damage and human injury resulting from accidental, criminal and terrorist attacks. Security glazing can generally be used anywhere ordinary glass]

 is required, providing an effective substitute for other construction materials while furnishing the added benefits of light and visibility.

   Current United States building codes do not require glass to meet performance stipulations which relate specifically to security concerns. Glass is

 not required by code to deter forced entry, to deflect projectiles such as bullets, or to remain intact after exposure to the shock wave and

 fragment impacts resulting from an explosion.

   Security glazing can be used to counter threats from the following general areas:

    Burglaries
   Burglaries are frequently directed towards targets of easy opportunity and low perceived risk by the burglar. A simple deterrent, security glazing,

 may be enough to send the intruder to the next easier target. The ability of a laminated glazing product to protect against forced entry is measured

 by Underwriter's Laboratories Inc. Test UL972 (12). Glazing materials which meet these test requirements are generally strong enough to deter a

 "smash and grab" burglary, and is often specified for residences, shop fronts and display cases in stores, museums and libraries.

   Ballistic Protection
 Security glazing with laminated glass of appropriate thickness and configuration can reduce death and injury from bullets in high-risk locations, 

 while still providing the aesthetic and visions benefits of glass. Bullet-resistant glass is made by bonding alternate layers of glass with Saflex to

 form a single, multiple-ply laminate. Bullet-resistant glazing is tested under Underwriter's Laboratories Inc. Test UL752 (13). Laminated glass

 between 1" and 2" inches thick can generally resist bullets from weapons ranging from a .38 super automatic to a high power .30-06 rifle.

   Bomb Blast Resistance
   Unfortunately, bomb attacks and threats are on the rise all over the world. The fear generated by a bomb's instant holocaust of property

 damage, injury, flame and noise can be more powerful than conventional armed attacks. Bomb blasts propagate blast energy in all directions,

 making buildings nearby the intended target candidates for destruction as well. Experts report that approximately 75 percent of all damage and

 injury from bomb blasts can be attributed to flying and falling glass following the explosion.

   Laminated glass can substantially reduce injury resulting from explosions, and even reduce the cost to repair a bombed facility by reducing the

 extent of damage and opportunity for looting. Since the tragic Oklahoma City Bombing in April, 1995, the United States Government is exploring

 the role of glazing as a deterrent to explosions, but no federal standards currently exist.

    Electronic Eavesdropping
   With high technology playing an increasing role in corporate and government security operations, electronic eavesdropping to obtain classified or

 proprietary information can result in staggering losses. Interference with computer networks from electromagnetic noise generators (such as heavy

 machinery operating outside the facility) can also be the source of loss.

   Electronic security glazing uses Saflex metalized fabric mesh and glass. When the glass is manufactured, the fabric mesh is extended an inch or

 more from the edge of the glass on all four sides and then connected to the metal frame. The frame members are connected to each other, and

 then to an effective ground. The result is a facility that is isolated from external electro-magnetic signals and occupants are capable of

 communicating without interception from the outside. The specification frequently used to describe performance requirements for computer and

 communications security is NSA 65-8, National Security Specifications for RF Shielded Enclosures for Communications: General

 Specifications(19).

   Sound Control
   Sound solutions for noise reduction Skylights can be the weak link in the transmission of unwanted sound into a building. Just as a window lets in

 light, it also can transmit irritating noise from airplanes, traffic, and heavy machinery to name a few. Laminated glass made with Saflex plastic

 interlayer is highly effective in reducing unwanted sound transmission and can also be used in standard skylights design.

   Whether in single or double glazing, the presence of one or two laminated components in a window or door can improve the acoustic

  performance of the glazing surface by dampening resonance effects. In comparison, solid or monolithic glazing systems do not effectively control

 sound because of their inadequate ability to screen high frequency noises. Double glazed systems may offer an improvement over the monolithic

 systems, but the span of air space required to provide acceptable acoustical control introduces architectural design restraints as well as higher

 costs. Only laminated glass made provides significantly better sound insulation performance in a single unit system. With laminated glass made with

 Saflex, the protective interlayer dampens the vibration of the glass thus reducing transmitted sound.

   For example, a ¼" laminate (two lights of 1/8" glass bonded with 0.0300" Saflex) has sound transmission loss performance nearly equal to that

 of monolithic glass having almost twice its surface weight (slightly less the ½" monolithic glass). Additionally, the sound isolation provided by two

 pieces of glass ¼" thick separated by ½" air space can also be achieved by laminating two pieces of 1/8" glass with only 0.030"

   UV Protection that Shines Through
   With time, sunlight can cause considerable damage to buildings furnishings, carpets, artwork, photographs, plants and other valuables. These

 items need special protection from the damaging effects of the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays. Laminated glass made with Saflex can be effective in

 screening out the harmful UV rays, controlling glare and decreasing solar energy transmittance.

   Glazing solar control is accomplished in laminated glass by the interlayers ability to reflect and/or absorb and re-radiate much of the solar UV

 radiation. Laminated glass made with Saflex screens out more than 99% of damaging UV light. The Saflex protective interlayer prevents the

 degrading of dyes, pigments and polymers which causes color fading and deterioration of natural and synthetic materials of the interiors in a

 building.

   While protecting buildings from harmful and damaging solar UV radiation, laminated glass made with Saflex has no adverse affect on the health

 of indoor plants. In fact, laminated glass is commonly used in greenhouses and atriums to help protect flower color and reproductive development

  from the damaging effects of UV radiation. Photoreceptors in plants are still able to absorb sunlight the Saflex interlayer allows to be transmitted.

   Laminated glass has been used to protect some of the world's most valuable treasures from harmful UV damage, including the Mona Lisa and

 the Declaration of Independence.

   Color

   Achieving Color with Laminated Glass Saflex color can be added to enhance any project while taking advantage of the protective benefits of

 laminated glass. The pigmented interlayer offers true, long-lasting earthtones and skytones to help you create a lasting impression. Saflex has the

 ability to match colors of standard glass types while providing all the functional benefits of Saflex clear laminates. The architect can achieve

 varying light transmissions without having to vary glass thickness or sacrifice structural performance.

   The Vanceva™ Design Studio, at www.saflex.com/en/TechnicalLibrary.aspx?pt=ARCH, is an interactive online tool designed to allow

 architects to experience the creative possibilities of Solutia's color and design products.
 

 Saflex is available in many colors for small or large projects and for interior or exterior applications.

Conventional Laminated Glass Construction

Saflex®, Vanceva™ Design and Vanceva™ Color are trademarks of Solutia, Inc.

    Heat-strengthened laminated safety glass

   Heat-strengthened laminated safety glass for commercial, industrial and residential applications.

 Glass that is heat-treated offers increased bending strength and significantly higher compressive stress than annealed laminated glass of the same

 thickness. This results in increased resistance to impact breakage, improved ability to withstand uniform loads and decreased chance of thermal

 stress breakage.

   Heat-treated laminated safety glass is available as heat-strengthened. Heat-treated glass is fabricated by heating annealed glass to a temperature

 of approximately 1150 degrees F (621 degrees C), then rapidly cooling it by blowing air (quenching) uniformly on to all glass surfaces

 simultaneously.

   The color, clarity, chemical composition and light transmission characteristics of the glass remain unchanged during/after the heat-treating

 process. The physical properties of the glass such as compressive strength, hardness, specific gravity, expansion coefficient, softening point, and 

 its thermal conductivity, solar transmittance and stiffness also remain unchanged. All fabrication such as cutting, drilling, edge grinding and

 sandblasting must be completed prior to heat-treating.

 Standard Silk Screened Patterns

                Dot- 40% coverage:                                        Lines-50% coverage:                                   Holes-60% coverage:

           1/8" dots staggered on 1/4" centers                   1/8" lines  on 1/4" centers                              1/8" holes staggered 1/4"oncenters

   Silk-Screened Glass:

   Silk-screened decorative products allow building designers to create different looks for exterior vision and non-vision areas using patterns and

 colors. Silk-screened products help control light transmittance, reduce solar heat gain by lowering the shading coefficient and provide a desired

 level of privacy.

   The silk-screened decorative products are fabricated using the same technology as spandrel glass, except the ceramic frit is applied to the glass

 using a silk-screened process. More durable than acid-etched or sandblasted surfaces, silk-screened glass is always heat-treated to prevent

 breakage and withstand thermal stress in sunlit conditions.

   The ceramic frit is silk-screened onto the glass substrate in one of three standard patterns - dots, lines, holes or a full flood application. In

 addition, custom patterns can be easily duplicated on the glass. Depending on the pattern, the glass lite can be made transparent, translucent or

 opaque. With a wide range of substrate and frit color options, the silk-screen process gives designers exceptional creative flexibility.

   Bent glass

   Bent glass for creative design applications in architectural, commercial and residential installations. A creative alternative for building designers

 and engineers, Bent glass is glass that is bent or curved to create unique profiles for installations in architectural, commercial and residential

 applications.
                                                                                                                   IG units Tempered over Laminated

   Insulating Glass 

   Insulating glass (IG) units enhance thermal performance and keep interior spaces more comfortable. IG units also help minimize interior

 condensation and moisture-related problems and reduce drafts near windows to maximize usable interior living/working space.

   IG units are hermetically sealed combinations of two or more lites of glass separated by a dehydrated airspace that can be used in a variety of

 applications ranging from residential to commercial installations. South Coast Skylights Manufacture can offer IG unit options to satisfy a wide

 range of application requirements.

   The glass of an IG unit can be fully tempered over annealed laminated or heat-strengthened  laminated on  and can be of equal or unequal

 thickness.

   By combining low-e coatings, tinted glass, reflective coatings, silk-screened patterns with laminated glass, a wide array of insulating glass

 configurations are available to meet specific design, security, performance and code requirements.

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